Save Our Ocean Ecosystem from Pollution and Save Underwater Species and Save the World.
Ocean Pollution Cause:
Pollution, overfishing, and the effects of climate change are severely damaging the health of our Oceans.
Oceans are warming and becoming more acidic, causing coral bleaching and reducing biodiversity, Guterres went on to state. Changing currents will have a serious impact on weather patterns, and this can Create more frequent Storms and Droughts.
There are many different ways to categorize, and examine the inputs of pollution into our marine ecosystems. Generally there are three main types of inputs of pollution into the ocean:
Direct discharge of waste into the oceans
runoff into the waters due to rain
and pollutants that are released from the atmosphere.
One common path of entry by contaminants to the sea are rivers. The evaporation of water from oceans exceeds precipitation. The balance is restored by rain over the continents entering rivers and then being returned to the sea.
Marine pollution occurs when harmful chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms will enter into the Ocean. Eighty percent of marine pollution comes from land. Air pollution is also a contributing factor by carrying off pesticides or dirt into the ocean. Land and air pollution have proven to be harmful to marine life and its habitats.
Ships can pollute waterways and oceans in many ways. Oil spills can have devastating effects. While being toxic to marine life, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), found in crude oil, are very difficult to clean up, and last for years in the sediment and marine environment.
Climate change is raising ocean temperatures and raising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. These rising levels of carbon dioxide are acidifying the oceans.This, in turn, is altering aquatic ecosystems and modifying fish distributions, with impacts on the sustainability of fisheries and the livelihoods of the communities that depend on them. Healthy ocean ecosystems are also important for the mitigation of climate change.
Among the impacts of deep sea mining, sediment plumes could have the greatest impact. Plumes are caused when the tailings from mining (usually fine particles) are dumped back into the ocean, creating a cloud of particles floating in the water. Two types of plumes occur: near bottom plumes and surface plumes. Near bottom plumes occur when the tailings are pumped back down to the mining site. The floating particles increase the turbidity, or cloudiness, of the water, clogging filter-feeding apparatuses used by benthic organisms. Surface plumes cause a more serious problem. Depending on the size of the particles and water currents the plumes could spread over vast areas. The plumes could impact zooplankton and light penetration, in turn affecting the food web of the area.
Remedies:
Increase Social Awareness:
The best way to fight ocean pollution is to educate yourself on its causes and make small changes at home to reduce your carbon footprint. It's never too late to work to improve the ocean's health.
1)To Organise a beach clean-up.
2)Reduce your rubbish like plastics .
Make sure only rain goes down the drain. Most drains flow straight to the sea which means we could end up swimming in anything that goes down them.
Take care of a local stream and rivers.
Stricter government regulations on industry and manufacturing is one large scale solution. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has enacted several laws to help protect beaches, reduce pollution from ships, reduce marine debris, and prohibit ocean dumping.
Implement renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar power, to limit off-shore drilling. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) tracks renewable ocean energy projects and offers analysis on how renewable energy can impact oceans throughout the United States.
Limit agricultural pesticides and encourage organic farming and eco-friendly pesticide use. There are several federal laws and regulations that help prevent the sale and use of substandard pesticides. The Endangered Species Act requires federal agencies to evaluate the impact of pesticides on endangered species and their habitats, including those in the ocean.
Proper sewage treatment and exploration of eco-friendly wastewater treatment options, such as recycling sewage sludge to carbon-phosphorous fertilizer, are other solutions. Under the Clean Water Act, the EPA offers assistance for recycling biosolids and regulates sewage sludge to help minimize metal concentrations in water.
Cut down on industry and manufacturing waste and contain landfills so they don't spill into the ocean. The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments passed in 1984 set standards for landfills and placed restrictions on where landfills may be located.
Major Organizations that working on to protect Ocean: We have to donate to these organisation for their great work on maintain Ocean ecosystem world wide.
1)Green Peace:
2)Blue Ocean Society's
3)Ocean Research and Conservation Association
4Oceana
5)Ocean Conservancy
More Information:
Source: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_pollution
http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/Solutions_for_Ocean_Pollution